Also see:
Diabetes: Conversion of Alpha-cells into Beta-cells
The Randle Cycle
Lactic Acidosis and Diabetes
Aldosterone, Sodium Deficiency, and Insulin Resistance
Ray Peat, PhD Quotes on Therapeutic Effects of Niacinamide
Benefits of Aspirin
Glycolysis Inhibited by Palmitate
“Glucose and insulin which allows glucose to be used for energy production, while it lowers the formation of free fatty acids, promote the regeneration of the beta cells. Although several research groups have demonstrated the important role of glucose in regeneration of the pancreas, and many other groups have demonstrated the destructive effect of free fatty acids on the beta cells, the mainstream medical culture still claims that “sugar causes diabetes.” -Ray Peat, PhD
“When a normal person, or even a “type 2 diabetic,” is given a large dose of sugar, there is a suppression of lipolysis, and the concentration of free fatty acids in the bloodstream decreases, though the suppression is weaker in the diabetic (Soriguer, et al., 2008). Insulin, released by the sugar, inhibits lipolysis, reducing the supply of fats to the respiring cells.” -Ray Peat, PhD
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2009 Jan;17(1):10-5. Epub 2008 Oct 23.
Changes in the serum composition of free-fatty acids during an intravenous glucose tolerance test.
Soriguer F, García-Serrano S, García-Almeida JM, Garrido-Sánchez L, García-Arnés J, Tinahones FJ, Cardona I, Rivas-Marín J, Gallego-Perales JL, García-Fuentes E.
Recent studies suggest that measuring the free-fatty acids (FFA) during an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) may provide information about the metabolic associations between serum FFA and carbohydrate and insulin metabolism. We evaluated the FFA profile during an IVGTT and determined whether this test changes the composition and concentration of FFA. An IVGTT was given to 38 severely obese persons before and 7 months after undergoing bariatric surgery and also to 12 healthy, nonobese persons. The concentration and composition of the FFA were studied at different times during the test. The concentration of FFA fell significantly faster during the IVGTT in the controls and in the severely obese persons with normal-fasting glucose (NFG) than in the severely obese persons with impaired-fasting glucose (IFG) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (P < 0.05). Significant differences were found in the time to minimum serum concentrations of FFA (control = NFG < IFG < T2DM) (P < 0.001). These variables improved after bariatric surgery in the three groups. The percentage of monounsaturated and n-6 polyunsaturated FFA in the control subjects and in the obese persons, both before and after surgery, decreased significantly during the IVGTT. In conclusion, during an IVGTT, severely obese persons with IFG or T2DM experienced a lower fall in the FFA than the severely obese persons with NFG and the controls, becoming normal after bariatric surgery.
